experiment method: 1, instrument and materials 1.1 Pile: Glass, the lower part of the bottle and the bottle must be carefully ground. There is a vertical hole in the middle of the stopper, the lower part of which is concave to remove air from the hole. The volume of the pycnometer is 20mL ~ 30mL, the quality does not exceed 40g. 1.2 constant temperature sink: temperature control accuracy of 0.1 ℃. 1.3 oven: 200 ℃, equipped with temperature automatic regulator. 1.4 balance: sense of not more than 1mg. 1.5 filter: 0.6mm, 2.36mm each one. 1.6 thermometer: 0 ℃ ~ 50 ℃, indexing 0.1 ℃. 1.7 beaker: 600mL ~ 800mL. 1.8 vacuum dryer. 1.9 lotion: glass instrument cleaning solution, trichlorethylene (analysis of pure) and so on. 1.10 Distilled water (or deionized water). 1.11 Surfactant: Washing powder (or washing) 1.12 other: soft cloth, filter paper and so on. 2 methods and steps 2.1 Preparations 2.1.1 with lotion, water, distilled water has carefully washed the pycnometer, and then dried called the quality (m1), accurate to 1mg. 2.1.2 The beaker containing freshly boiled and cooled distilled water is intrinsically heated in a constant temperature water tank. The beaker can only be inserted into a thermometer. The depth of the water must exceed 40mm above the top of the pycnometer. 2.1.3 make the constant temperature water tank and the beaker in the distilled water to the specified experimental temperature ± 0.1 ℃. 2.2 Determination of the water value of the pycnometer 2.2.1 will be the proportion of bottles and stoppers into the constant temperature of the tank, the bottom of the bottom of the beaker without water depth should be not less than 100mm, beak mouth exposed to the water, and with a fixture to its fixed. 2.2.2 to the beaker in the water temperature to reach the specified temperature and heat 30min, the stopper into the bottle, so that the excess water from the cork on the pores in the extrusion. Note that there is no air bubbles in the pacifier. 2.2.3 remove the beaker from the sink, and then remove the pacifier from the beaker, immediately with a clean soft cloth to wipe the top of the cork once, and then quickly dry the weight of the pycnometer outside the water, called the quality (m2), accurate to 1mg The Note that the top of the cork can only wipe once, even if the expansion of the bottle with a small water droplets can not be wiped. 2.2.4 to m1 ~ m2 the most experimental temperature when the value of the pycnometer. Note: The water value of the pycnometer should always be corrected, usually at least once a year. 2.3 Experimental steps for liquid asphalt samples 2.3.1 Samples were sieved (0.6mm) and then injected into the dried pycnometer to the full, careful not to mix bubbles. 2.3.2 will be filled with the sample of the proportion of bottles and stoppers into the constant temperature sink (measured temperature ± 0.1 ℃) filled with water beaker, who should buy it under the mouth about 40mm. Be careful not to get water into the bottle. 2.3.3 from the beaker after the temperature reaches the required temperature after the initial heat 30min, the stopper plug, so that the excess sample from the cork into the pores. Carefully use a cotton dipped in trichlorethylene to wipe the sample out of the orifice and note that the hole is filled with the sample. 2.3.4 Remove the pycnometer from the water, immediately with a clean soft cloth carefully wipe the bottle of water or adhesion of the sample (note that no longer wipe the mouth), said the quality (m3), accurate to 1mg. 2.4 Test procedure for viscous bitumen samples 2.4.1 According to the provisions of the method of preparation of asphalt samples, asphalt heating temperature is not higher than the estimated softening point above 100 ℃ (petroleum asphalt) or 50 ℃ (coal tar pitch), carefully injected into the proportion of bottles, about 2/3 height. CAUTION Do not allow the specimen to adhere to the bottle or above the bottle wall and prevent mixing of the bubbles. 2.4.2 Remove the pound containing the sample, move into the dryer, cool at room temperature for not less than 1h, together with the stopper called the mass (m4), ready to 1mg. 2.4.3 Remove the beaker containing the distilled water from the tank, pour the distilled water into the pycnometer, into the beaker (the stopper is also placed in the beaker), and return the beaker to the constant temperature water tank which has reached the test temperature. In the water temperature reaches the specified temperature from the beginning of insulation for 30min, so that the proportion of the bubble in the bottle rose to the surface, with a fine needle to remove. The volume of the insulation until the water does not change. To be confirmed after the pacifier has been heated and no bubbles, and then in the specified temperature of the water bottle stopper plug, so that excess water from the plug hole overflow, this time should not be brought into the bubble. 2.4.4 holding 30min, remove the pycnometer, according to the method described above quickly dry the water after the bottle called the quality (m5), prepared to 1mg. 2.5 Test steps for solid asphalt samples 2.5.1 Before the test, if the sample surface is wet, dry, clean air can be dry, or set 50 ℃ oven drying. 1.5.2 50g ~ 100g sample broken, over 0.6mm and 2.36mm sieve. Take 0.6mm2.36mm crushed sample not less than 5g into a clean, dry pomponent, plug the stopper after the quality (m6), accurate to 1mg. 2.5.3 Remove the stopper and inject the distilled water from the beaker in the constant temperature water tank into the pycnometer. The water level is about 10mm higher than that of the sample, and a few drops of surfactant solution (such as 1% detergent, washing spirit) The bottle is allowed to sink most of the sample to the bottom of the sample, and the surface of the sample particle must be released. Note that when shaking, do not shake the sample out of the bottle. 2.5.4 Remove the cork, will contain the sample and the proportion of distilled water bottle vacuum in the box (device) vacuum, gradually reached the vacuum 98kPa (735mmHg) not less than 15min. Such as the proportion of the surface of the sample bottle there are still bubbles, can add a few drops of surfactant solution, shake in the vacuum. If necessary, can be repeated several times, until no bubbles so far. Note: Vacuum should not be too fast to prevent the sample out of the proportion of bottles. 2.5.5 The distilled water in the beaker will then be poured into the pompon, and the stopper will be put into the beaker with distilled water and the stopper will be tightened. 2.5.6 will have a biogravure beaker and then set the constant temperature water tank (test temperature ± 0.1 ℃) to maintain at least 30min, remove the pycnometer, quickly wipe the water outside the bottle called the quality (m7), accurate to 1mg.
experiment method: 1, instrument and materials 1.1 Pile: Glass, the lower part of the bottle and the bottle must be carefully ground. There is a vertical hole in the middle of the stopper, the lower part of which is concave to remove air from the hole. The volume of the pycnometer is 20mL ~ 30mL, the quality does not exceed 40g. 1.2 constant temperature sink: temperature control accuracy of 0.1 ℃. 1.3 oven: 200 ℃, equipped with temperature automatic regulator. 1.4 balance: sense of not more than 1mg. 1.5 filter: 0.6mm, 2.36mm each one. 1.6 thermometer: 0 ℃ ~ 50 ℃, indexing 0.1 ℃. 1.7 beaker: 600mL ~ 800mL. 1.8 vacuum dryer. 1.9 lotion: glass instrument cleaning solution, trichlorethylene (analysis of pure) and so on. 1.10 Distilled water (or deionized water). 1.11 Surfactant: Washing powder (or washing) 1.12 other: soft cloth, filter paper and so on.
